A computational study of carrier lifetime, doping concentration, and thickness of window layer for GaAs solar cell based on Al₂O₃ antireflection layer

This paper reports on the computational study to investigate the high-performance gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cells based on the Al₂O₃ antireflection coating (ARC) layer by optimizing the carrier lifetime, doping concentration, energy bandgap, thickness of window and absorber layers. In this simulation, the parameters like GaAs as an absorber layer, CdS as a window layer, and fixed thickness of the Al₂O₃ ARC layer were selected for performing the personal computer one dimensional (PC1D) simulation. As compared to GaAs solar cell with no ARC layer, GaAs solar cell with Al₂O₃ ARC layer (90 nm) presented the high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.60% at absorber thickness 6 μm and 30 nm for window layer. The optimized values of carrier lifetime and doping concentration for high PCE were found to be 100 μs and 1 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ for both absorber and window layers, respectively. The V_oc, PCE, and fill factor (FF) values gradually increased with the increase of carrier lifetime and doping concentration of the CdS window layer. At optimized parameters, the highest value of I_sc = 3.11 A, V_oc = 0.884 V and PCE = 24.60% were achieved by GaAs solar cells with Al₂O₃ ARC layer. This study proves that optimization of CdS window layer through carrier lifetime, thickness, doping concentrations, and bandgap, etc. would make the crucial component to manufacture cost-effective, high-performance GaAs solar cells based on Al₂O₃ ARC layer.