Analysis of Cause-of-Death Mortality in Children and Young Adults with Diabetes: A Nationwide 10-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study

We examined the associations of clinical characteristics and cause-of-death patterns with mortality in children and young adults (<30 years) with diabetes. We analyzed a nationwide cohort sample from the KNHIS database using propensity score matching from a sample of 1 million people from 2002 to 2013. There were 10,006 individuals in the diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 10,006 in the control (no DM) group. The numbers of deaths were 77 in the DM group and 20 in the control group. The deaths of patients in the DM Group were 3.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.25–6.21) times higher than in the control group. Type 1 DM, type 2 DM and unspecified DM were 4.52 (95% CI = 1.89–10.82) times, 3.25 (95% CI = 1.95–5.43) times and 10.20 (95% CI = 5.24–20.18) times higher, respectively. Mental disorders were 2.08 times higher in the risk of death (95% CI = 1.27–3.40). Mortality rates have increased in children and young adults with diabetes alone. Therefore, in the future, it is necessary to identify the cause of the increased mortality rate among young diabetic people and select vulnerable groups among them so that early prevention can be achieved.