Bone-implant contact of surface-modified titanium implants

In this study, 4 different types of implant surfaces were prepared, and their microstructure and roughness were measured. The effect of the surface treatment condition on the bone conductivity was evaluated by placing implants into the tibia of an adult dog to measure the resonance frequency and removal torque. Rough surface and microcracks were observed on the RBM treated surface, and dimple shape irregularity caused by acid etching was observed on the SLA treated surface. After the RBM treatment, the anodized surface showed micropores < 4 μm. The surface roughness (Ra) of the cutting edge of each test group was in the following ascending order: the machine processed surface, SLA treated surface, anodized surface, and RBM treated surface. There was statistically significant difference between the machined group and the rest of the sample groups (P<0.05). The precipitation of very closely distributed HA crystals were observed on the sample immersed at 90°C in a 0.05M TiF ₃ solution for 10 minutes, heat treated for 30 minutes at 150°C and immersed in Hanks' solution for 6 weeks. Relatively higher Implant Stability Quotients (ISQ) was observed in the anodized treatment surface group than in the blasted group. The lowest removal torque measured at the time of removal after 8 weeks was recorded in the RBM treated group. The SLA treated group had the highest value. There was a significant difference between the RBM treated group and the other sample groups (P<0.05).