CardioNetFusion: A Deep Learning and Explainable AI Integrated System for Cardiovascular Disease Detection

Early detection of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) plays a vital role in effective treatment and management. However, traditional methods for analyzing ECG signals are often limited in both accuracy and interpretability. In this work, we introduce a novel model, CardioNetFusion, designed to address these limitations by incorporating advancements in Deep Learning (DL) and Explainable AI (XAI). The model leverages the strengths of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), MobileNetV2, and VGG16 to improve the robustness of ECG signal interpretation. To further enhance transparency and provide healthcare professionals with actionable insights, saliency maps are utilized to visualize model predictions. Additionally, by integrating an Application Programming Interface (API) within an IoT-based sensor fusion framework, the model supports real-time cardiovascular health monitoring. Achieving a classification accuracy of 98.7% in detecting arrhythmias, CardioNetFusion surpasses existing methodologies and offers a practical, reliable solution for early CVD diagnosis and management. Traditional methods of ECG analysis often have limitations in terms of diagnostic accuracy and interpretability. This paper proposes a CardioNetFusion model to address the challenges of conventional methods of ECG data analysis by leveraging advances in Deep Learning (DL) and Explainable AI (XAI). The proposed CardioNetFusion model integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), MobileNetV2, and VGG16 models to improve the robustness of ECG signal interpretation. Additionally, we utilized saliency maps to enhance model transparency and provide clear, actionable insights for healthcare professionals. Integrating Application Programming Interface (API) in the IoT-based sensor fusion approach to our proposed model facilitates seamless real-time monitoring of cardiovascular health. With an impressive 98.7% accuracy in arrhythmia classification, CardioNetFusion outperformed existing methods and ensured reliable and interpretable diagnostics.