Clinical diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorders in children and adolescents: A case series

The early diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in children and adolescents is important because they can affect oral and maxillofacial growth and development. This case series introduces patients with various clinical features of TMDs and demonstrates how symptoms were reduced through appropriate interventions in collaboration with oral medicine specialists and pediatric dentists. TMDs symptoms in children are often mild and difficult to express accurately; therefore, diagnosis through clinical evaluation is important. Pediatric dentists should be aware of TMDs in children and adolescents, and should diagnose, treat, and refer to specialists in a timely manner.