Compression of the anterior mediastinum by uremic tumoral calcinosis unusually involving the sternoclavicular joint

Uremic tumoral calcinosis is an uncommon disease that occurs in patients with chronic renal failure receiving regular, long-term hemodialysis, and characterized by calcified periarticular soft tissue masses, often of considerable size and multiplicity. The present case describes a 36-year-old man who had been on hemodialysis for 8 years. Uremic tumoral calcinosis occurred at unusual sites, the sternoclavicular joints, with simultaneous involvement of the shoulder and hip joints, and accompanied by renal osteodystrophy on bone scintigraphy. In addition, the calcified masses at the sternoclavicular joints extended into and compressed the anterior mediastinum, an unusual occurrence seen on chest computed tomography.