Curcumin-loaded Nanoliposomes mitigate PM10-induced lung injury by modulating Inflammasome-mediated Pyroptosis

Inhaling particulate matter (PM10) poses a serious global health risk, contributing to respiratory issues like inflammation, oxidative stress, and lung toxicity. Given the lack of effective treatments for PM10-induced lung injury, this study investigates the protective effect of curcumin-loaded nano-liposome, focusing on its potential molecular mechanisms. Mice exposed to PM10 were treated with curcumin-loaded nano-liposome over 14 days, revealing reduced inflammatory responses in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Curcumin-loaded nano-liposome decreased oxidative stress and ferroptosis markers, including ROS, MDA, and ACSL4, while increasing GPX4 levels. It also suppressed pyroptosis by reducing NLRP3 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, attenuated NF-κB signaling, and activated antioxidant pathways via Nrf2. These findings suggest curcumin-loaded nano-liposome as a potential therapeutic option for PM-induced respiratory disorders.