Decursin prevents TPA-induced invasion through suppression of PKCα/p38/NF-κB-dependent MMP-9 expression in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells

Decursin, a coumarin compound, was first isolated from the roots of Angelica gigas almost four decades ago. It was found to exhibit cytotoxicity against various human cancer cells and to possess anti-amnesic activity in vivo through the inhibition of AChE activity. However, the effect of decursin on breast cancer invasion is unknown. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is known to be an important factor for cancer cell invasion. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of decursin on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate (TPA)-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in MCF-7 cells. Our results showed that decursin inhibits TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion through the suppression of NF-κB. Furthermore, decursin repressed the TPA-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and inhibited TPA-induced translocation of PKCα from the cytosol to the membrane, but did not affect the translocation of PKCδ. These results indicate that decursin-mediated inhibition of TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion involves the suppression of the PKCα, MAPK and NF-κB pathways in MCF-7 cells. Thus, decursin may have potential value in restricting breast cancer metastasis.