Dual domain effect on a rubbing mura in liquid crystal displays associated with in-plane rotation of LC director

The liquid crystal (LC) modes, in-plane switching (IPS) and fringe-field switching (FFS), associated with a transition from a homogenously aligned to twist deformation require rubbing process. In both devices, 1° of misalignment in azimuthal direction could cause voltage-dependent transmittance (V-T) to be different from that in a normal area and consequently results in a rubbing mura. According to our studies, dual domain structure of the FFS and IPS modes could reduce such a V-T difference dependent on the position although 1° of misalignment exists since the LC directors rotate clockwise and anticlockwise