Engineered nanostructure fibrous cell-laden biointerfaces integrating Fe₃O₄/SrO₂-fMWCNTs induce osteogenesis and anti-bacterial effect

Improving biomechanical and biochemical properties of tissue-engineered scaffolds akin to those of native stem-cell niches can effectively regenerate tissues. Bio-ceramic nanomaterials integrated porous scaffolds can be employed to promote bone cell proliferation and contribute to their translational value. Here, we successfully developed highly conductive fibrous scaffolds of polyurethane (PU) integrating Fe₃O₄/SrO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) in association with functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs). The engineered scaffold of PU-Fe₃O₄/SrO₂-fMWCNTs with 0.4 wt.% of NPs showed synergistic effects on physicochemical and biological performances. The porous scaffold showed superior interfacial biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and load-bearing ability. Results of in vitro, including ALP activity, collagen-I, and ARS staining of MC3T3-E1 cells confirmed that the scaffold provided a favorable microenvironment with a prominent effect on the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the up-regulated osteogenic protein expression of MC3T3-E1 cells was studied by qRT-PCR, and Western blotting and found the osteoblastic activity accelerated due to the enhanced mineralization of PU-Fe₃O₄/SrO₂-fMWCNTs (0.4 wt.%). Together, our findings suggest these scaffolds with improved cell-interface compatibility exhibit osteoinductivity that could become a novel nanomaterial-based tissue construct as a therapeutic strategy for bone cell regeneration and bone defect repair.