Entropy-Modulated Oxide–Metal Catalyst Architectures for Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

Dongyeon Kim; Dong Jae Park; Incheol Jeong; Seeun Oh; Hyeonggeun Kim; Mincheol Lee; Sang Won Lee; Kangyong Lee; Daehan Chung; Ki Min Roh; Joongmyeon Bae; Tae Ho Shin; Kang Taek Lee

doi:10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9

Entropy-Modulated Oxide–Metal Catalyst Architectures for Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

Dongyeon Kim
, Dong Jae Park
, Incheol Jeong
, Seeun Oh
, Hyeonggeun Kim
, Mincheol Lee
, Sang Won Lee
, Kangyong Lee
, Daehan Chung
, Ki Min Roh^*
, Joongmyeon Bae^*
, Tae Ho Shin^*
, Kang Taek Lee^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Chemistry

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering And Technology
Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Entropy-modulated oxide–metal catalyst exsolving Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles from a high-entropy perovskite matrix enables efficient and durable ammonia decomposition. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high-entropy oxide framework facilitates cation exsolution and lowers the kinetic barriers for NH₃ decomposition; additionally, the exsolved Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles exhibit markedly higher catalytic activity than single-metal surfaces. Direct ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (DA-PCFCs) incorporating the Sr₂Fe₁Mo_0.2Mn_0.2Cr_0.2Cu_0.2Ni_0.2O_6-δ (SFMMCCN) catalyst layer achieve a record-high power density of 2.04 W cm⁻² at 700 °C with stable operation for over 255 h under NH₃ fuel, demonstrating the effectiveness of the entropy-modulated catalyst in designing durable and high-performance DA-PCFCs for carbon-free ammonia-to-power technologies.

Original language	English
Article number	335
Journal	Nano-Micro Letters
Volume	18
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9
State	Published - 2026.12

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Ammonia
Anode catalyst layer
Density functional theory
High-entropy perovskite
Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs)

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10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9

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title = "Entropy-Modulated Oxide{\textendash}Metal Catalyst Architectures for Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells",

abstract = "Entropy-modulated oxide{\textendash}metal catalyst exsolving Ni{\textendash}Fe{\textendash}Cu alloy nanoparticles from a high-entropy perovskite matrix enables efficient and durable ammonia decomposition. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high-entropy oxide framework facilitates cation exsolution and lowers the kinetic barriers for NH3 decomposition; additionally, the exsolved Ni{\textendash}Fe{\textendash}Cu alloy nanoparticles exhibit markedly higher catalytic activity than single-metal surfaces. Direct ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (DA-PCFCs) incorporating the Sr2Fe1Mo0.2Mn0.2Cr0.2Cu0.2Ni0.2O6-δ (SFMMCCN) catalyst layer achieve a record-high power density of 2.04 W cm−2 at 700 °C with stable operation for over 255 h under NH3 fuel, demonstrating the effectiveness of the entropy-modulated catalyst in designing durable and high-performance DA-PCFCs for carbon-free ammonia-to-power technologies.",

keywords = "Ammonia, Anode catalyst layer, Density functional theory, High-entropy perovskite, Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs)",

author = "Dongyeon Kim and Park, \{Dong Jae\} and Incheol Jeong and Seeun Oh and Hyeonggeun Kim and Mincheol Lee and Lee, \{Sang Won\} and Kangyong Lee and Daehan Chung and Roh, \{Ki Min\} and Joongmyeon Bae and Shin, \{Tae Ho\} and Lee, \{Kang Taek\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2026.",

year = "2026",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9",

language = "English",

volume = "18",

journal = "Nano-Micro Letters",

issn = "2311-6706",

number = "1",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Entropy-Modulated Oxide–Metal Catalyst Architectures for Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

AU - Kim, Dongyeon

AU - Park, Dong Jae

AU - Jeong, Incheol

AU - Oh, Seeun

AU - Kim, Hyeonggeun

AU - Lee, Mincheol

AU - Lee, Sang Won

AU - Lee, Kangyong

AU - Chung, Daehan

AU - Roh, Ki Min

AU - Bae, Joongmyeon

AU - Shin, Tae Ho

AU - Lee, Kang Taek

PY - 2026/12

Y1 - 2026/12

N2 - Entropy-modulated oxide–metal catalyst exsolving Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles from a high-entropy perovskite matrix enables efficient and durable ammonia decomposition. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high-entropy oxide framework facilitates cation exsolution and lowers the kinetic barriers for NH3 decomposition; additionally, the exsolved Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles exhibit markedly higher catalytic activity than single-metal surfaces. Direct ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (DA-PCFCs) incorporating the Sr2Fe1Mo0.2Mn0.2Cr0.2Cu0.2Ni0.2O6-δ (SFMMCCN) catalyst layer achieve a record-high power density of 2.04 W cm−2 at 700 °C with stable operation for over 255 h under NH3 fuel, demonstrating the effectiveness of the entropy-modulated catalyst in designing durable and high-performance DA-PCFCs for carbon-free ammonia-to-power technologies.

AB - Entropy-modulated oxide–metal catalyst exsolving Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles from a high-entropy perovskite matrix enables efficient and durable ammonia decomposition. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high-entropy oxide framework facilitates cation exsolution and lowers the kinetic barriers for NH3 decomposition; additionally, the exsolved Ni–Fe–Cu alloy nanoparticles exhibit markedly higher catalytic activity than single-metal surfaces. Direct ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (DA-PCFCs) incorporating the Sr2Fe1Mo0.2Mn0.2Cr0.2Cu0.2Ni0.2O6-δ (SFMMCCN) catalyst layer achieve a record-high power density of 2.04 W cm−2 at 700 °C with stable operation for over 255 h under NH3 fuel, demonstrating the effectiveness of the entropy-modulated catalyst in designing durable and high-performance DA-PCFCs for carbon-free ammonia-to-power technologies.

KW - Ammonia

KW - Anode catalyst layer

KW - Density functional theory

KW - High-entropy perovskite

KW - Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs)

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105035867087

U2 - 10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9

DO - 10.1007/s40820-026-02194-9

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:105035867087

SN - 2311-6706

VL - 18

JO - Nano-Micro Letters

JF - Nano-Micro Letters

IS - 1

M1 - 335

ER -

Entropy-Modulated Oxide–Metal Catalyst Architectures for Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

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