Exploring Determinants of Foot Self-Care Behaviors Across Adherence Levels in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcer History: A Quantile Regression Approach

This study explored factors influencing foot self-care behaviors across adherence in patients with a diabetic foot ulcers history using quantile regression analysis. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, and 130 patients receiving outpatient treatment at a tertiary hospital in South Korea were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected between August 18, 2022, and November 4, 2022, using a structured questionnaire. Quantile regression revealed that foot care knowledge significantly influenced all quantiles (10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%). Stigma impacted middle and upper quantiles (50%, 75%, 90%), while severe depression was significant in the upper quantiles (75%, 90%). Social support influenced all quantiles except the 10% quantile (25%, 50%, 75%, 90%). The explanatory power for the quantiles ranged from 24.4% to 28.8%. The findings emphasize the importance of considering influencing factors across different levels of foot self-care behaviors when designing tailored interventions. Enhancing foot self-care behaviors is critical for patients with a history of diabetic foot ulcers, and interventions based on these results can serve as effective strategies to promote self-care and prevent further complications.