GaInN-based light emitting diodes embedded with wire grid polarizers

The use of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) has become prevalent in our modern, technology driven society. We demonstrate a linearly polarized GaInN light-emitting diode (LED) embedded with a wire-grid polarizer (WGP). A derivation of rigorous coupled-wave analysis is given; starting from Maxwell's equations and finishing by matching the boundary conditions in the grating and other regions of interest. Simulated results are shown for various grating parameters, including different metals used for the grating and the metal-line dimensions. An LED fabrication process is developed for demonstrating WGP-LEDs. A clear polarization preference for the light coming out of the WGP-LED is experimentally demonstrated with a polarization ratio over 0.90, which is in good agreement with simulation results.