Gamma knife radiosurgery as an alternative treatment of Barrow type B carotid cavernous fistulas: A case report

Rationale: Barrow type B carotid-cavernous fistulas are dural shunts between the meningeal branches of the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus; these types of dural fistulas can produce specific patterns of symptoms based on the pattern of venous drainage. Patient concerns and diagnoses: A 67-year-old man came to our hospital presenting with acute left orbital pain and double vision in the left eye. The diagnosis was carotid-cavernous fistula fed by the meningohypophyseal trunk and drained to the left superior ophthalmic vein. Interventions and outcomes: We planned gamma knife radiosurgery for the left cavernous sinus including fistula point as an alternative treatment. The orbital pain disappeared in 2 weeks, and all signs and symptoms in the left eye completely improved within 2 months. Lessons: Gamma knife radiosurgery may be an alternative treatment for carotid cavernous fistula. Furthermore, in patients with poor vascular access and no fatal presentation, this may be a reasonable first-line treatment option.