Land suitability evaluation for wild-simulated Ginseng cultivation in South Korea

Wild-simulated ginseng (WSG) is highly sensitive to growth conditions. Nevertheless, the suitability evaluation of actual WSG cultivation sites for a sustainable yield has not been conducted in South Korea, nor at a global level. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of actual WSG cultivation sites to understand the status of these sites and to present a methodology that can be applied to the determination of WSG cultivation sites by combining the major factors essential for WSG growth. Suitability was evaluated for the WSG cultivation sites using geographic information systems (GIS). The study region has a high forest coverage of 77%, of which 48.7% was possibly suitable (including suitable sites) for WSG cultivation. However, of the area of actual WSG cultivation sites, 43.6% was probably unsuitable (including unsuitable sites). The WSG yield showed a relatively low rate of increase compared to the rate of increase in the cultivation area, and the rate of increase in the production amount showed a tendency to decrease. In regions and countries with high forest coverage, the application of scientific techniques, such as GIS should be considered to identify suitable WSG cultivation sites. The application of the methodology of this study will be a useful method for the production of high-quality WSG and sustainable yield.