Outcomes of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ According to Detection Modality: A Multicenter Study Comparing Recurrence Between Mammography and Breast US

The purpose of this study was to determine whether disease recurrence and intrinsic characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are associated with the imaging method of detection in asymptomatic women. This multicenter, retrospective study included 844 women treated for asymptomatic DCIS who had pre-operative mammography and breast ultrasonography (US) studies available. Of the 844 women, 25 (3.0%) developed recurrences. Patients in the US group had significantly lower 5- and 10-y recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates compared with patients in the mammography group (p = 0.011). US-detected DCIS showed significantly lower 5-and 10-y RFS rates compared with mammography-detected DCIS in patients <50 y or with mammographically dense breasts (p = 0.002 and 0.002, respectively). US as the detection modality (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.451; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.530, 12.950; p = 0.006) and HER2 positivity (HR: 4.036; 95% CI: 1.438; 11.330; p = 0.008) were significantly associated with recurrence. We concluded that US as the detection modality and HER2 positivity were significantly associated with recurrence in patients treated for asymptomatic DCIS.