Phylogenetic characterization of partial spike gene sequences of canine coronavirus from shelter dogs in the Republic of Korea

This study investigated the molecular characteristics of canine coronavirus (CCoV) circulating in animal shelters in Korea, focusing on phylogenetic characterization of the partial spike (S) gene. A total of 339 rectal swabs were analyzed to assess the prevalence and phylogenetic relationships of circulating strains. Among these, 20 and 13 samples were identified as CCoV-I and CCoV-IIa, respectively, indicating one co-infection case. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Korean isolates exhibited distinct sequence variations relative to global reference strains and formed regionally differentiated clusters. These results indicate regional clustering and genetic differentiation among Korean CCoV strains and provide a foundation for continuous molecular surveillance and monitoring of potential recombination events.