Recent advances in MXene-based nanocomposites for electrochemical energy storage applications

Since the first exfoliation of a few atomic layers of transition metal carbides (Ti₃C₂) from the three-dimensional (3D) MAX phase (Ti₃AlC₂) in 2011, a family of two-dimensional (2D) layered metal carbides and nitrides also known as MXene has drawn great attention as a promising 2D material in various applications. The hydrophilic nature, excellent conductivity and electrochemical properties make MXene a fascinating 2D candidate for electrochemical energy storage applications. However, the aggregation, restacking, and oxidation of MXene nanosheets (NSs) significantly hinder their performance. To address these issues, an effective and straightforward strategy is to combine MXene with other materials including polymers, metal oxides, and carbon to form MXene nanocomposites. Making MXene nanocomposites with other materials is an effective way to tune the properties of MXene for many applications. In the current research trend, the most important application of MXene-based nanocomposite is electrochemical energy storage due to the improved electrochemical and physicochemical properties. Therefore, this review presents the current advances in MXene nanocomposites, especially for electrochemical energy storage applications.