Severe vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia as a cause of obstructive hydrocephalus A case report

Rationale: Dolichoectasia of the vertebrobasilar artery is a vascular anomaly characterized by marked elongating, widening, and tortuosity of the arteries. Although this anomaly is usually asymptomatic, it may present with ischemic symptoms or mass effect involving brainstem or cranial nerves. Patient concerns: A 52-year-old male was admitted with headache and visual field defect. Diagnoses: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed noncommunicating hydrocephalus due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. Interventions: The patient underwent right-side ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Outcomes: The patient's symptoms improved gradually, although visual symptoms persisted. Lessons: Neurosurgeons need to keep in mind vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia as a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus for accurate diagnosis and swift treatment.