The multiple fluorescent multi-bit DNA memory encoding system

The application of DNA monitoring has recently expanded into the information technology realm of DNA computing and storage systems, leveraging its capabilities for molecular computing and high-density data storage. Essential to this advancement are multi-color fluorescent signals attached to informational DNA, enabling simultaneous multidata reading in the DNA memory or storage system. Various fluorescent detection techniques, such as real-time polymerase chain reaction, next-generation sequencing, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer, have been investigated for DNA reactions and sequence data. Although proximity (less than 10 nm) between different fluorescent signals can lead to interference, controlling the distance of fluorescent molecules attached to DNA is a feasible solution. This study demonstrates a DNA molecular memory system using multiple fluorescent molecules. We examined the independent hybridization of three different fluorescent DNA molecules to DNA templates with three sites for fluorescent attachment on 17 nt DNAs. The study focused on two multi-bit DNA molecules hybridized to the template DNA, assessing their fluorescence emission intensities at various excitation wavelengths. Two multi-bit DNA molecules, which were hybridized onto the template DNA, were investigated for fluorescence emission intensities by various excitation wavelengths. Although the emission intensities of the two multi-bit DNA molecules were not significantly increased by another fluorescent molecule, each excitation wavelength has provided more effective emission intensity levels for DNA signal detection. Furthermore, we developed a three-bit DNA molecular memory system using triple-level DNA molecules. These multi-color DNA systems could be extended to arithmetic and logical computing.