Unassisted electrochemical H₂O₂ production coupled to glycerol oxidation

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is not only a key eco-friendly oxidizer but also a promising energy carrier with an energy density comparable to that of compressed hydrogen. The industrial production of H₂O₂ relies on the energy-intensive and environmentally detrimental anthraquinone process, necessitating the exploration of greener alternatives. Here we demonstrate sustainable and unassisted electrochemical H₂O₂ production (via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction) coupled to the oxidative valorization of glycerol, a biomass energy by-product, operating without external electric or solar energy inputs. We applied bismuth-loaded Pt and oxidized carbon nanotube electrocatalysts, for glycerol oxidation reaction and two-electron oxygen reduction reaction, respectively, which possess onset potentials close to the theoretical values for the electrochemical reactions. With this system, we achieved a high H₂O₂ production rate of approximately 8.475 μmol cm⁻² min⁻¹ and high glycerate selectivity for in situ glycerol oxidation reaction (74%), while producing renewable electricity on-site. (Figure presented.)