ZnTe/ZnSe (core/shell) type-II quantum dots: Their optical and photovoltaic properties

Synthesis of a size series of colloidal ZnTe/ZnSe (core/shell) quantum dots (QDs) is reported. Because of the unique Type-II characters, their emission can range over an extended wavelength regime, showing photoluminescence (PL) from blue to amber. The PL lifetime measures as long as 77 ns, which clearly indicates the Type-II characteristics. ZnTe/ZnSe (Core/Shell) QDs can be further passivated by ZnS layers, rendered in water, while preserving the optical and chemical stabilities and thus proved their potentials toward "nontoxic" biological or medical applications that are free from concerns regarding heavy-metal leakage. ZnTe/ZnSe Type-II QD/polymer hybrid organic solar cells are also showcased, promising environmentally friendly photovoltaic devices. ZnTe/ZnSe Type-II QD incorporated photovoltaic devices show 11 times higher power conversion efficiency, when compared to that of the control ZnSe QD devices. This results from the Type-II characteristic broad QD absorption up to extended wavelengths and the spatially separated Type-II excitons, which can enhance the carrier extractions. We believe that ZnTe/ZnSe-based Type-II band engineering can open many new possibilities as exploiting the safe material choice.